A probability vector is a vector (a column or row matrix) which is non-negative and all elements adding upto unity. The elements of a probability vector give us the outcomes which can occur, of a discrete random variable and the vector as a whole represents the probability mass function of that random variable. Probability vector is a convenient, compact notation for denoting the behaviour of a discrete random variable.
Mathematically, if p1, p2, p3, …, pn be a set of ‘n’ probabilities of a variable, then its probability vector will be:
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